Below are comments by Frances Grimble of Lavolta Press on the controversy triggered by NY Times Ethicist Randy Cohen’s support for a reader who downloaded a book from a pirate website (See our original blog on Cohen here). Ms. Grimble’s remarks were posted in the comments box but as we feel they shed particularly bright light on the issues we decided they deserve their own posting.
Ms. Grimble did not provide the accompanying image.
RC
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Part 1
It’s a lot easier to just sit down and read a paper book page by page, than to scan it page by page and then go through it page by page again on an e-reader. I just don’t believe that many people would want to read a book in e-form so very much that they will scan a paper book they paid for, without also transferring that scan to other people. Pirates often do so for praise by their social groups, by the way.
It is also a false assumption that every book will be released as an e-book, or should be released as an e-book. Therefore, it is false to comfortably soothe your morals and other people’s by _claiming_ you’ll buy the e-book “when it comes out” and that you are merely “time-shifting.” Books sell in different quantities in different formats–hardcover, trade paperback, mass-market paperback, e-book, audio book. The publisher needs to produce the format(s) and quantity(ies) suitable for that particular book’s contents, and that will make back the costs and overhead, and that will pay the author, and that will generate enough profit to keep the business going. There are many books that simply cannot work as mass-market paperbacks, and there are also many books that simply cannot work as e-books. Furthermore, the publisher often does not even decide/plan whether to issue a book in a given format until another format has been on the market for awhile.
Most cheap e-book advocates conveniently assert that writers work for fun, not money. Not true. Writing at a professional level is very hard, very time-consuming, often money-consuming work. Even if it’s enjoyable much of the time, so are most other professions for the people who pursue them. Writers need and deserve to make a living just like members of other professions.
Publishing is very expensive. Everything-ought-to-be-an-e-book advocates conveniently sweep away the costs of editing, proofreading, indexing, photography, illustration, graphic design, page layout, cover design, publicity, marketing, accounting, legal services, computer equipment, office overhead, travel, and other expenses. It’s not all the print run by a long shot.
E-book advocates also pass around this meme that publishers have “always opposed” the borrowing of books, or the sale of used books, or something. Actually, I’ve never seen any data to back this up. In any case, what we are talking about is now, not what somebody might have said when Andrew Carnegie was opening his first library. The issue is one of quantity/degree. Publishers do lose sales when books are lent and they do lose sales of new books when used ones are sold. And they do lose sales of books when readers photocopy library copies.
The fact that many publishers and authors have financially survived the reading of such books does not mean they can survive e-book piracy _in addition_. Amateur piracy does count. If everyone makes just one copy for one friend, that’s 50% of the book sales lost. It’s all an issue of quantity/unit sales; so it’s false to assert that everyone survived photocopy piracy so they can now survive e-book piracy.
Part 2
I do believe in effective DRM, but none is available yet for e-book readers. Yes, anyone can copy a book with a ream of paper and a pencil, but the easier it is to pirate, the more people do it–and the more acceptible they think it is, because the publisher did not try to prevent it. Even more, however, I believe in not publishing e-books at all in the current climate of piracy.
Pirates often assert that publishers “insult their customers,” by using DRM and by court prosecution of piracy. However, someone who steals or passes on stolen goods is not a customer. Furthermore, I can tell you from experience that it is not “fun” for a writer to have readers assert that books–even though they’re worth reading and copying page by page–are not worth paying for. Or to see them issue threats on Internet groups that if they don’t like the price or format they’ll just steal the book by one means or another. It’s not fun to hear them assert that publishing is just a “failed business model,” and that writers and publishers should just go do something else, who cares what.
It’s not fun to hear people who know nothing about the business assert that it unnecessary to print books and that that is the only cost. It’s not fun to hear them assert that “publishers can always sell ads.” Supporting publications with advertising is now a failed business model. Look how badly most newspapers and magazines are doing, because people are not buying enough ads to support publication–even on the publications’ websites.
To me, as a writer and publisher, readers who denigrate the very books they simultaneously demand as some kind of right, and who either assert the right to steal them or who make all kinds of thin, roundabout excuses for stealing, are not customers I want. They are not readers I want. People who really value books cherish them and pay for them. They do not insult them and steal them.
Part 3
When someone has the right to sue you, it’s the law that matters–not what you feel ethically is OK. When you pirate, you risk getting sued by the copyright holder. If you are sued and you lose, you take the consequences–you may well end up paying tens of thousands more in damages and legal fees than you’d have paid for a legitimately bought book.
Therefore endless gyrations and arguments regarding what you personally morally feel is OK are pointless.


























Probably the biggest mistake of the publishing industry when trying to sell e-books is thinking “fighting piracy” equals “selling”. However “selling” means “getting a guy gives you his money”.
Things like DRM, not releasing an e-book version, and attitudes like “I don’t want these customers”, “I will sue them”, are not the best way to sell.
Of course, she does want such customers. If she doesn’t, which is the problem? She is not getting customers she doesn’t want. Really no problem?
Suing, suing, suing… okay, in some cases you have the very legal right to sue. But RIAA is not suing “little” filesharers since mid-2008. Ask yourself why. May be suing is sometimes a Bad Idea.
Ms. Grimble covers a lot of points, many of them good ones, but I just want to respond to a couple of things.
She says: “If everyone makes just one copy for one friend, that’s 50% of the book sales lost.” Well…I don’t think so. In fact, I don’t think it’s even close to being true. Why? Because it assumes that the friend receiving the ebook would otherwise have gone and bought his/her own copy. That’s a pretty big assumption. On the other hand, I think sharing books with a friend is perhaps the best way in the world to turn strangers-to-an-author into new readers and even new fans. Quite possibly even paying fans. Works with music, and I think it can work with books, too. I know that many people have *bought* copies of my books because they first encountered my work through free copies. I know this because they’ve written to tell me. (Okay, these are copies I made available for free, so the ethics of unauthorized sharing aren’t involved. But the effect on the new reader is the same.)
True, for this not to become a siphon on the author’s income, some honesty and common sense is required. Giving away a hundred unauthorized copies isn’t the same thing as sharing a copy with a friend to turn the friend on to the new book. Even so, I suspect that pirated copies probably do an author–at least a midlist author–more good than harm. It’s been said before, but I’ll say it again: obscurity is a bigger danger than piracy.
Ms. Grimble believes in effective DRM. I believe that effective DRM only effectively alienates the buyer from the publisher and the author. It’s designed, not so much to prevent piracy, as to lock buyers into some proprietary format on a particular device. And as a buyer, that annoys the hell out of me. If I buy a copy of an ebook for my Sony Reader, why shouldn’t I be able to convert it to read on my PDA? Or my iThing, if I had one? Or the next format to come along? Why should my reading experience be dependent on the proper functioning of some distant DRM server, or for that matter, the continued existence of the store I bought it from? My answer: it shouldn’t.
And for that, I applaud Ereads for publishing ebooks in DRM-free multiformat editions, at least wherever the sellers permit. That, in my view, is a much better way to run this railroad.